“This paper aims to explore critical comparative insights of the value of these instruments whose main thrust is to establish a code of ethics for ensuring best practice in election management and observation in Africa in general and Southern Africa in particular. The paper, therefore, represents a modest attempt to provide an analytic and practical review of the way in which the AU, SADC-PF, EISA/ECF and SADC election observation adds value to democratization and management of election-related disputes.”
