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Gold is considered to be a 'conflict mineral'. In the DRC gold and diamond trade were tainted by conflict financing, tax evasion, corruption and smuggling. This resulted in the illegal trade of gold, huge financial losses for the DRC and violent con…
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"Based on the Report “Uncovering the Unknown: An analysis of Tax Evasion in Zambia,” Zambia is currently grappling with issues of reducing high budget deficits. Zambia’s tax revenue-to-GDP ratio dropped to a record low of 13% in the early 1990s from…
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"The Government of the Republic of Zambia, like many other governments in the world, significantly relies on tax revenue to finance both its key infrastructure development and social services. This study investigates the extent and causes of tax eva…
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"Zambia, like most developing countries, has undertaken tax reforms in a bid to raise more revenue from its tax system. Though tax reforms in Zambia began in the early 1990s, tax revenue has grown only marginally from its sharp decline prior to the …
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"Expanding the tax base raises government revenue and is essential for sustainable poverty reduction in African countries. With volatile ODA, FDI, loans, and remittances, domestic resource mobilization via taxes remains a vital source of revenue for…
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What would be the key determinants of taxpayer compliance? Which features of citizen-state relations govern attitudes and behaviour regarding taxation? In this paper the analytical foundation, methodological approaches and key findings of available …
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"The report takes a closer look at the relationship between taxation and development in Mozambique by examining the various complexities surrounding taxation as a development finance mechanism in Mozambique including the current tax framework, the a…
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"The report takes a closer look at the relationship between taxation and development in Zimbabwe by examining the various complexities surrounding taxation as a development finance mechanism in Zimbabwe including the current tax framework, the amoun…
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This document mainly discusses the effect of Illicit Financial Flows and the effect it has on African Countries. In the Foreword on page 2 : Tendai Murasa speaks about Africa losing approximately US$50 billion annually through Illicit Financial Flo…
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"This study has two main objectives. The first is to estimate the size of the underground or second economy in Malawi for the years 1965 to 1990. No attempt has previously been made to do this for the country’s entire second economy, hence there is …
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"Widespread tax evasion evidenced by persistent public resistance to pay is seen as part of the problem of raising local government revenues in Tanzania. Based on data from a citizen's survey, this paper highlights factors impacting on tax complianc…
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"Part of the problem of raising local government revenues in Tanzania is persistent public resistance to paying, as evidenced by widespread tax evasion and non-payment of fees and charges. In the standard economic model of taxpayer behaviour, the pe…
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This paper focuses on a particular form of tax non-compliance: tax disobedience, or individuals’ refusal to pay taxes and fees as a form of protest. Specifically, it examines several individual-level factors that might be associated with tax disobed…
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Uganda, just as many developing countries, collects less than potential tax. The country compares poorly to other low- income countries with regard to income tax revenue mobilization. This paper estimate the baseline amount of tax owed by comparing …
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Multinational enterprises (MNEs) can shift profits away from jurisdictions with comparatively high tax rates to jurisdictions with lower to no tax rates, and so avoid paying their fair share of taxes without breaking any single jurisdiction’s laws…
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It is well documented in the literature that developing countries raise less tax revenue as a share of their economy than their developed counterparts. Part of this gap can be explained by the relatively higher tax evasion in the former. Recent lite…
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While tax revenues are a critical part of financing government services, many developing countries face obstacles in implementing effective and efficient tax systems. Direct taxes, such as personal income taxes, are particularly difficult to adminis…
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Tax revenues play an essential role in financing government expenditures, which can benefit citizens through effective public services, infrastructure, and development. This requires that citizens pay their taxes and that the government administer t…
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Value added tax (VAT) has grown in importance in Africa since it was introduced on a large scale in the 1990s. It is now the largest single source of tax revenue for African governments. At the same time, and almost perversely, the efficiency of VAT…
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