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This report examines the smuggling networks facilitating irregular migration from the Horn of Africa to countries in the Arabian Peninsula, also referred to as the Gulf. In addition to analysing the structure and modus operandi of migrant smugglin…
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"Kenya is an East African country with a more recent history of emigration. The early emigration patterns of Kenyans began in the late 1950s where migration was primarily for educational purposes for citizens to train overseas and return home to dev…
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"The African diaspora is increasingly viewed as a key to realizing the development potential of international migration. At the same time, there remains considerable confusion about who exactly constitutes the diaspora and which groups should be tar…
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"The political and economic crisis that has riddled Zimbabwe for over a decade has created two serious challenges for South Africa’s (SA) government. The first challenge is external: SA’s quiet diplomacy approach towards Zimbabwe’s ruling ZANU-PF h…
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"Land shortages, declining soil fertility, and environmental degradation are exacerbating the ability of settler farmers in Ghana to create sustainable livelihoods. Institutional weaknesses in the land tenure and governance systems have contributed …
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"Lack of job opportunities, poverty, and corruption force thousands of young Nigerians to leave the country every year in search of better opportunities abroad. Illegal migration out of Nigeria is increasing and is largely facilitated through forge…
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"Maasai pastoralists are increasingly faced with annual droughts that cause significant livestock deaths and periods of food insecurity. A new form of rangeland management that emphasizes pastoral migrations and extensive herding to mitigate the imp…
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"Chad is of primordial importance in Nigeria's foreign policy consideration for many reasons. In this way, Nigeria has been put in a position where she had to monitor and react to the day-to-day situational fact of the Chadian crisis. Chad might hav…
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"The first section of this paper briefly reviews the post-apartheid decline in permanent immigration and legal temporary labour migration to South Africa. The next section examines some of the new migration trends that have become increasingly impor…
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"Crises present both opportunities and dangers. When facing turmoil in the 1980s, South Africa embraced an aggressive agenda of social, economic, and political transformation. The results are imperfect, but few question the underlying wisdom of this…
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"One of the last pieces of apartheid-era legislation to disappear from the South African statute books was the Aliens Control Act of 1991. Although amended in 1995, this Act was finally consigned to history only in March 2003, when the draft regula…
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"Southern Africa has a long history of intra-regional migration, dating back to the mid-nineteenth century. Migration was probably the single most important factor tying together all of the various colonies and countries of the sub-continent into …
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"The migration of persons across international boundaries in search of better opportunities or as a result of war, conflict and political instability has risen substantially over the years. The UN Population Division estimates that there are curr…
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"Irregular migration poses a considerable problem for South Africa in migration management, population planning, infrastructure development, resource management, governance, social services, economic development and security. A government can only …
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"It is a human inclination to want to position oneself where conditions are best for personal fulfillment, growth and success. People migrate because they perceive their environment as inadequate in terms of what they desire or deserve. The more des…
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"In order to better understand the relevance of the Convention to South Africa, it is necessary to examine the history of the ICMW and why other countries have been so hesitant to ratify it. Second, it is necessary to provide an overview of migrant …
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"This policy brief discusses a key paradox in relation to Zimbabwean migration into South Africa. While Zimbabwean migration since 2000 has been the largest concentrated flow in South African history, South Africa’s reaction to this movement has bee…
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"Since 1990, there have been major changes to longstanding patterns of intra-regional labour migration within the Southern African Development Community (SADC). At the same time, new channels of migration to and from the region have opened. Labour m…
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"South Africa is experiencing one of the fastest growing HIV epidemics in the world. Among women attending antenatal clinics nation-wide, the prevalence of HIV infection increased from 0.76 per cent in 1990 to 26.5 per cent in 2002. Among the nine …
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"Swaziland has an unusually rich migration history. Swazi men and women have been migrating across colonial and international borders for decades for a multiplicity of reasons. Within the country, post-independence economic development was accompani…
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