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“Justice and security are core components of healthy and functional societies. The security sector comprises government structures with authority to execute force, detain and arrest to protect the state, its citizens and those civil bodies responsib…
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"This paper discusses the experiences of South Sudanese women in this new time of peace. By exploring women’s agency and victimisation during the war, the paper argues that the current celebrated liberation and peace, while it has been successful in…
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"Since 15 December 2013, soldiers loyal to the deposed Vice President, Dr.Riek Machar, have fought against President Salva Kiir’s loyalists in Juba in the vicinity of the Presidential palace. Emboldened by the rebels’ success in controlling Bor, the…
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"In recent weeks Egypt has seen perhaps the greatest destabilisation of its political, economic, and social order since the end of the Muhammad Ali Dynasty in 1952. The ouster of President Hosni Mubarak came after an eighteen-day public protest in C…
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"Somalia, and Mogadishu in particular, has been aptly described as “the Hell on Earth.” This description is based on the level of destruction and human suffering that has been going on since 1991. There is no respite in sight despite the endless neg…
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"The history of Uganda since independence in 1962 has been marked by economic divisions reflecting the colonial period, and by the use of violence as a political tool. As the competition for political power and material resources escalated, ethnic …
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"This anthology examines five major cases of interventions in African conflicts by third parties either in a mediation role or in a peace enforcement role by a variety of actors ranging from states to regional and continental institutions with varyi…
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China’s role in Sudan is one of the most closely watched and, in many circles, controversial relationships on the continent. This paper provides a Sudanese perspective and argues that, far from profiting from its close ties with Khartoum, the Chines…
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"Angola possesses an abundance of natural resources but is plagued by armed conflict and poverty. Resolving the conflict will likely be a painfull process and against this background the political economy of the war and the prospects for peace in An…
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"Sudan has been the site of ongoing civil war since the mid 1980s with devestating effects to its population, diplomatic relations and economic growth. This report examines the prospects for South African involvement in Sudan in light of ongoing eco…
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This paper discusses the situation in Zaire, where economic and political disaster is evident. Zaire is bounded by nine African countries and richer in resources than any other country in Africa, but it is alos deeply in debt perhaps as a result of …
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This brief report describes the conflict in Somalia, which originates in the fact that General Mohammed Farah Aidid do not recognise Ali Mahdi as the interim president, leading to armed conflict. During the Cold War, the US and the USSR viewed Somal…
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This Brief Report deals with the civil war in Chad and growing outside intervention in the conflict. If annexed by Libya, it could become part of the Soviet sphere of influence, and France’s military involvement has led to fears of heightened French…
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"The Ogaden region in the Southeast of Ethiopia has been at the centre of an ongoing dispute between the Ethiopian government and rebels of the Ogaden National Liberation Front (ONLF). Since 1984, the ONLF, an ethnic Somali rebel movement, has waged…
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"Violence in northern Nigeria has flared up periodically over the last 30 years. Mainly in the form of urban riots, it has pitted Muslims against Christians and has seen confrontations between different Islamic sects. Although there have been some s…
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"During 1991 and early 1992 the Sudanese government began evicting people from the squatter camps that circle the country's capital of Khartoum. Close to half a million squatters were taken from their homes at gunpoint and dumped in camps far out i…
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This brief report describes the socio-economic malaise in Zambia. The country has no strongly diversified economy. Copper has provided 90% of its foreign exchange earnings, but is declining due to aging mines, reduced copper output and managerial pr…
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"This paper discusses the tortured peace processes in the West African states of Liberia and Sierra Leone, delineating lessons learnt from the complicated and prolonged diplomacy and external military interventions that characterised these efforts. …
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"This paper reviews and assesses the past eighteen years of external mediation efforts aimed at ending Somalia’s protracted civil war and reviving a central government. It identifies lessons learned, summarizes ongoing debates about the most approp…
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"Given the frequency with which high-level peacemaking is undertaken in Africa, there is surprisingly little discussion in official circles about the science and art of mediation. The first part of this paper examines some of the specific problems i…
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