After the Exodus: the Challenges of Return Migration in Zimbabwe
Africa Portal Backgrounder No. 58

While the Zimbabwean government is attempting to encourage return migration, it has yet to introduce substantial policies or programs to address the challenges migrants and their families may face in resettlement.

African Enfranchisement in Global Climate Change Negotiations
Africa Portal Backgrounder No. 57

Historically, African delegations have faced challenges in global climate change talks, but in recent years they have managed to negotiate more effectively, both individually and as a group.

Malaria Risk Factors Facing Uganda's Batwa Population
Africa Portal Backgrounder No. 56

With climate change holding the potential to aid the expansion of malaria into formerly non-endemic zones, vulnerable groups in those areas require special attention from national policies to ensure that increasing health risks are managed accordingly.

Women and Urban Food Insecurity in Southern Africa
Backgrounder No. 55

In Southern Africa, food insecurity and malnutrition are usually viewed as rural problems even though the locus of poverty is shifting to cities, causing growing deprivation among the region's most vulnerable urban dwellers.

From Principle to Practice: Improving Water Management in Nairobi
Africa Portal Backgrounder No. 54

Against the myriad of challenges that Nairobi's municipal utilities face on a daily basis, this paper identifies institutional gaps and explains how policy-relevant research can contribute to the progressive realization of adequate water for all.

The Kayelekera Uranium Mine and Economic Development in Malawi
Africa Portal Backgrounder No. 53

Despite indications of extensive mineral deposits under its soil, Malawi lacks a national policy framework to take full advantage of these resources. The Kayelekera uranium mine is emblematic of these issues.

The International Criminal Court: Challenges of Victim Assistance, Participation and Reparations
Africa Portal Backgrounder No. 52

Though the International Criminal Court was designed to be more victim-focused than previous tribunals, the operationalization of programs to assist those affected by crimes under prosecution has been problematic and requires further research and evaluation.

The Problems and Prospects for ECOWAS Intervention in Mali
Backgrounder No. 51

While there is a legal basis for ECOWAS military action in northern Mali, the organization could make a greater contribution to peace and stability by fighting drug trafficking and restoring civil-military relations in the south.